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Summary

African farmers, businesses, and food entrepreneurs are at the forefront of food production and the backbone of many African economies. As the case studies show, it is beneficial to shift to a circular economy for food. However, in many parts of Africa, agriculture fails to provide either sufficient nutrition to its citizens or a decent livelihood to its farmers. Ensuring a  healthy & secure supply of food to African cities and managing urban organic waste flows while preserving the continent’s food cultures, diversity of ingredients and rich biodiversity will be one of the major challenges in the decades ahead. African governments should be opportunistic in policy development and work with supply chains and citizens to address this challenge.